Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of heart attacks and heart-related deaths worldwide. It occurs when the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked due to the buildup of cholesterol-rich plaque, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle. When medications and lifestyle changes are no longer enough to manage the condition, doctors often recommend procedures to restore blood flow. The two most common treatment options are angioplasty and bypass surgery . But which one is better? The answer depends on the severity of the blockage, your overall health, age, and other medical conditions. Understanding the differences between these treatments can help patients make informed decisions with their cardiologist. What Is Coronary Artery Disease? Coronary artery disease develops when fatty deposits (plaque) accumulate inside the coronary arteries. This process, known as atherosclerosis, restricts blood flow to the heart. As a result, patients may experience chest...
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive procedure to replace a diseased aortic valve. It is a newer procedure than traditional open-heart surgery to replace the aortic valve, and it has become increasingly popular in recent years. The aortic valve is one of four valves in the heart that control the flow of blood. It is located between the left ventricle and the aorta, the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. If the aortic valve becomes narrowed or stiff, it can make it difficult for the heart to pump blood efficiently. This can lead to a condition called aortic stenosis. TAVR is a good option for patients with aortic stenosis who are at high risk for complications from open-heart surgery. This may include patients with other medical conditions, such as chronic kidney disease or lung disease, or older patients. During TAVR, a doctor inserts a thin, flexible tube called a catheter through a small incision in the groin, chest...